Word Problems: Addition and Subtraction Stories

Word problems connect abstract mathematics to real-world situations. Children learn that math is a tool for solving actual problems.

• Framework: Montessori
• Unit: Mathematics
• Learning area: Operations
• Level: Ages 4-6

Objectives

• Translate stories into equations
• Choose correct operation
• Solve real-world problems
• Develop mathematical reasoning

Materials

• Story problem cards
• Manipulatives (counters, beads)
• Paper and pencil
• Drawing materials

Instructions

1. Read story aloud: 'Maria has 7 apples. She gives 3 to James. How many does she have now?' 2. Act out with manipulatives. 3. 'What do we do? Add or subtract?' Subtract. 4. Write equation: 7-3=4. 5. Draw a picture of the problem. 6. Check: does 4 apples make sense? 7. Try another story.

Educator tip

Acting out with manipulatives before writing equations builds understanding. Encourage children to draw pictures as a solving strategy.

Assessment

Child solves word problems by choosing correct operation and computing accurately.

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