Problem Solving with Real Maths
To develop mathematical reasoning and problem-solving by applying number knowledge to real contexts.
- Framework: EYFS
- Unit: EYFS Mathematics
- Learning area: Mathematics
- Level: EYFS Reception
Objectives
- Attempts unfamiliar problems
- Tries multiple strategies
- Explains reasoning
- Checks answers independently
Materials
- Real classroom problems
- Problem-solving journals
- Mathematical equipment
- Discussion prompt cards
Instructions
Use real problems: 'We have 18 children today and 4 tables. We need to arrange children equally at each table. How can we work that out?' This is a genuine division problem arising from genuine need.
Other real problems: 'We need 20 cups for our party. We have 13. How many more do we need?' 'The recipe needs 4 eggs but we only have 2. What shall we do?' Real-context problems develop mathematical reasoning differently from worksheets.
Give children time and space to solve problems their own way. Resist showing the method. 'Have a go — show me your thinking. How did you start? What did you try?' The process of struggling productively matters more than the answer.
After solutions are found, compare methods: 'Eloise used cubes to count. Finn used his fingers and counted on. Ibrahim drew a number line. They all got the same answer! Are there other ways?'
Introduce mathematical journaling: children record how they solved a problem in words, pictures, and numbers. 'Write or draw what you did to solve the problem. This is your mathematical thinking!' This metacognitive practice develops mathematical reasoning.
Celebrate error and revision: 'I tried counting on but I got 19. Let me check... I think I made a mistake here. Let me try again.' Modelling your own error correction is among the most important teaching you can do.